Flower
It is a specialised modified shoot which carry sexual organs of plant - According to goothe
Flower is divided into four parts -
1. Calyx (Sepal)
2. Corolla (petal)
3. Androecium (stamen)
4. Gynoeicum ( psitil / carpel )
General Charactors Of Flower -
1. Attachment Of Flower -
When pedicle is absent then it is called sessile. eg , morus
When pedicle is present then it is called pedicilate . eg , china rose , rose.
2. Presence Of Floral Whorl -
When flower bears all four types of floral organs, they called flower. eg , china rose.
The absense of any one or more floral organ makes it incomplete flower. eg , euphiorbia.
3. Bractes And Bractioles -
Bract is a leaf like structure present in axial of flower.
Bractioles are thin and small bract like structure present at some points on the pedicle , also called bractlet.
4. Symmetry -
A. Asymmetrical -
When flower can not be divided into two or more than 2 equal halves from any plane then it is called assymmetrical flower. Eg , Opuntia , canna.
B. Actinomorphic Symmetry / Radial / Regular -
When a cydic flower can be divided into two equal halfs of any vertical plane than it called actino,orphic flower. Eg , china rose , mustard , chilli , datura , etc.
C. Zygomorphic / Bilateral Symmetry -
When a flower can be divided into two equal half by one plane only then it is called zygomorphic symmetry.
D. Position Of Floral Organs On Thallamus -
1. Hypogynous -
Ovary develops at its top while othe floral organs are successfully born at below the ovary on thalamus. Eg , citrus , china rose , mustard , etc.
2. Perigynous -
Ovary and other floral organs attached at the same level and form disc shape / cup shape / flask shape. eg , rose , pulm , leguminoceae family.
3. Epiogynous -
An floral organs except carpel are attached at the top of ovary. eg , cucumber , guava , coriander etc.
NOTE -
A. Hypogynous Flower - Superior Ovary
B. Perigynous flower - Semi - Inferior Ovary
C. Epigynous Flower - Inferior Ovary
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