Division Of Monera Kngdom - Notes For Neet

1. Archaeabacteria - 

They are primitive type of bacteria and they firstly originated on the earth.

These bacteria are special because theycan live in most harsh habitat. Such as salty are, hot spring and marshy areas.

Archaebacteria differs forms other bacteria in having different cell wall structure which is responsible for their survival in extreme conditions.

Methanogens are present in gut of ruminant animals. (Cattles as cows and buffaloes.) they are responsible for production of methane (bio-gas) from the dung of these animals.

2. Eubacteria -

These are true bacteria which have bacteria .

Cell wall of these bacteria is made up of peptiglycan.

On the basis of staining the eubacteria are of two types -

Gram positive bacteria

Gram negative bacteria

Bacteria are of two type on the basis of Nutrition.

1. Autotrophic Bacteria -

It has also two types

Photosynthetic bacteria

Chemosynthetic bacteria

Chemosynthetic bacteria convert nitrate and nitrite ammonia from atmospheric nitrogen and forms ATP.

Chemosynthetic bacteria have nitrogenous enzyme which is useful for nitrogen fixation.

Bacteria and also useful in recycling of phosphorus sodium Sulphur and iron.

2. Heterotrophic Bacteria -

These type of bacteria are mostly pathogenic for humans crops and capitals.

They Live as a parasite and causes many disease as a Cholera typhoid tetanus and citrus cancer.

Bacteria have economic importance also as a curd formation form milk antibiotic formation nitrogen fixation in legume plants etc.

Bacteria reproduces through cell division but a sometimes under unfavourable conditions spore formation occurs.

Bacteria not shows true sexual reproduction because meiosis division  and fertilizers and not occurs where as genetic recombination takes place bacteria and shows sexual reproduction.

Genetic material DNA of one bacteria transferred into another bacteria that is called genetic recombination.

• Note. Bacteria have specific cells called heterocyst which is a useful for atmospheric nitrogen fixation enter nitrate or ammonia.

           Example - Anabena and Nostoc 

3. Blue green algae -

It is also known as cyanobacteria.

Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic autotrophs and have chlorophyll a pigment.

Cyanobacteria are unicellular colonial and filamentous.

Cyanobacteria bacteria are found in dirty / polluted water and marine water of sea.

4. Mycoplasma - 

Mycoplasma not have any cell wall but they are smallest living cell.

These are smallest in size and can live without oxygen.

Mycoplasma are pathogenic for plants and animals.